Phytoremedation: Plant Synergy - Bacteria for Treatment of Heavy Metals

Abstract

Soils are polluted with heavy metals and pose a more serious threat to the environment and human health, such as increased toxicity of microorganisms, decreased bioavailability and inhibition of plant growth, as well as leading to an increase in the harmful effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which makes soil treatment more difficult. Biological treatment using microorganisms and plants is a method Effective to treat soils contaminated with heavy metals. It is a widely accepted method that is mostly carried out on site; Hence it is suitable for establishing/replanting crops in treated soil. Four heavy metals were identified in this study, Pb-Ni-Cd-Ar, to be measured in polluted soils, as well as in plants after treatment. The percentage of metals in contaminated soils before treatment was {38.295 for Pb, 18.450 for Cd, and 89.863 for Ni}. As for arsenic, it was Less than the device can read it, so it appeared in all treatments in the form of DL mg/g. Treatment of contaminated plants and soil by the method of inoculation with bacterial suspension outperformed the rest of the treatments, as the removal rates of heavy metals treated with IBMA1 bacteria reached {0.998 for Pb, 1.151 for Cd and 1.021 for Ni} mg /g In IBMA3 bacteria, the removal percentage of heavy metals was {0.984 for Pb, 1.116 for Cd, 1.022 for Ni} mg/g, while for IBMA4 bacteria, the percentage of heavy metals removed was {1.090 for Pb, 1.169 for Cd and 1.044 for Ni} mg/g In all treatments containing plants the percentage of bioaccumulation in the roots was higher than the bioaccumulation in the vegetative total, and the highest bioaccumulation of Ni in the roots of the plant was in the plant only treatment, which amounted to 4.3222 mg/g. processing Plant and bacteria have medium capacity to remove heavy metals from polluted soils