Association of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-17 Level with vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Type 1-diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is among the most prevalent metabolic illnesses, with high morbidity & mortality in the world.Its association with immunological disorders has been detected in many studies. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reported that 425 million people in the worldwide live with diabetes in 2017; and the number will probably rise to 629 million in 2045. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) distinguishes diabetes mellitus into the following four subtypes: type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), gestational diabetes mellitus, and certain kinds of diabetes related to other causes. Type 1 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. In this study, the association between the immunological markers IL-10 and IL-17 and vitamin D insufficiency in children with type 1 diabetes was examined. Methods: Overall, 51 samples were collected from patients both genders. The patients composed of (51), (23) of them are males and (28) females with age range 2-12 years old, there is seen in Endocrinology and Diabetes Center in Samawa. Those sample were diagnosed clinically by HBA1C to Diagnosis of the type diabetic by cobas c111 and evaluate IL-10 and IL-17 level by ELISA technique and evaluate vitamin- D by cobas e411 technique in diabetic patients.Further, groups consist of 50 samples were collected from apparently healthy individuals (25 males and 25 female) without any history of chronic disease. Result: Our results reveal that there was there was no significant difference in the mean age of the patient group compared to the control group, 8.43 ± 3.13 years versus 8.12 ±2.69 years, respectively (p = 0.594). The percentage of males who were diagnosed with T1DM was 45.1 % while that of girls was 54.9 % and there was no significant difference in frequency distribution according to gender between type 1 diabetes mellitus group and control group (P= 0.622). There was no significant difference in mean age between boys &
girls with type 1 DM (P= 0.785). The average HbA1c % of individuals with type 1 diabetes was significantly higher than that of the control group, 9.75 ±0.80 % versus 4.64 ±0.40 %, respectively (P < 0.001). In our research, the average level of vitamin D in the serum was significantly lower in patients with type 1 DM in comparison with control group, 11.14 ±4.65 ng/ml versus 17.16 ±6.39 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Diabetic patients with vitamin deficiency (< 20 ng/ml) accounted for 94.1 %, while control subjects accounted for 64 %, therefore, Patients diagnosed with T1D have a prevalence of vitamin D deficiency that is significantly higher than that of the control group (p 0.001).