Prevention of Arterial Hypertension in Primary Health Care

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is an urgent problem that has been and remains a socially significant disease and the most important risk factor for cardiovascular complications. The fight against hypertension is a necessary task. This helps to reduce mortality. This requires the identification of all reversible risk factors and the fight against them. The first place among the risk factors for arterial hypertension is assigned to obesity and overweight. Also, hereditary burden is an important risk factor. The article considers a study to identify individuals with elevated blood pressure levels and risk factors for arterial hypertension. Risk factors for hypertension were identified in 57,8% of the surveyed population, and among women they were noted 1,9 times more often than among men. It was found that among individuals with certain risk factors, arterial hypertension may develop more often than in the absence of these factors. Obesity and overweight constitute the highest relative risk, increasing the risk of developing the disease by 10 and 8 times, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension among people with a BMI of 26-35 is 4,4-5 times higher than with a BMI of less than 25. Confounded heredity increases the risk of hypertension by 2,2 times, smoking and eating salty foods - by 2 times.