Assessment Of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) For Leptin Levels In Subjects Undergoing Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Abstract

Background: Tooth movement in orthodontics is governed by the forces on the periodontal ligament and associated remodeling in the
alveolar bone. Assessing the GCF biomarkers levels can help judge the cell response during tooth movement. Leptin maintains bone
levels and is vital during tooth movement.
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the leptin levels in GCF (gingival crevicular fluid) in subjects undergoing orthodontic tooth
movement and to gauge the leptin role as a mediator during tooth movement.
Methods: In 50 subjects undergoing tooth movement as a part of orthodontic treatment, GCF was collected and leptin levels were
assessed before the start of the treatment (I), 6 hours following the retraction force on the right canine (II), no retractive force on left
canine (III), and after 21 days from the right (IV) and left canine (V). The data was assessed and results were formulated.
Results: Leptin levels in the GCF were similar in the study participants before treatment, 6 hours, and 21 days control. However, at
the test site, the concentration of leptin in GCF at 6 hours was statistically higher. On the 21st day, leptin levels in GCF reduced
slightly at the test site compared to controls. However, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The study, within its limitations, concludes that leptin is a mediator of tooth movement with increased levels in early
phases with continuous and constant orthodontic forces. However, with maintained orthodontic forces for long period, the baseline
value of leptin is restored.