The Possible Anti – Angiogenic Activity of Zeaxanthin in Ex Vivo and in Vivo in Animal’s Study

Abstract

Background: Creation of new capillary blood vessels from pre-existing vessels is known as angiogenesis. The restoration of normal blood flow and, by extension, the outflow of gases, nutrients, and growth hormones makes angiogenesis crucial in a wide range of physiological and pathological situations, including wound healing and bone repair and regeneration. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine rely heavily on angiogenesis because it controls the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of newly generated tissue structures. On the other hand, tumor cells with an angiogenic character have more proangiogenic pathways than downregulating mechanisms. Because of this, endothelial cells experience a period of rapid proliferation that fosters the development of a tumor microenvironment that is abundant in oxygen and nutrients and promotes the tumor's metastasis to new locations. In order to treat persistent diseases or cancerous tumors, doctors have begun using antiangiogenesis-based therapies, which involve giving patients compounds that block the development of new blood vessels.
Objective: To identify the anti-angiogenic activity of Zeaxanthin and Melatonin and their combination in ex vivo rat aorta antiangiogenic assay and in vivo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) animals’ study.
Methods: 12-14 weeks-old Albino male rats were used for the study. The tested substances zeaxanthin and melatonin were serially diluted. An ex vivo rat aorta ring experiment has been used to examine zeaxanthin potential antiangiogenic properties; the zeaxanthin-induced zone of blood vessel inhibition was measured in CAM assay in vivo chorioallantoic membrane.
Results: The result of this study showed that there is a significant antiangiogenic activity of zeaxanthin and melatonin and there is an additive antiangiogenic effect of Z and M combination in ex vivo rat aorta ring assay Each Z and M showed significant anti-angiogenesis activity in the in vivo assay and for the combination, it was discovered that melatonin and zeaxanthin each produced a significant inhibition zone of blood vessels in the CAM assay.
Conclusion: Zeaxanthin and melatonin and their combination exerted significant antiangiogenic effect on ex vivo rat aortic ring,
Zeaxanthin and melatonin and their combination showed significant antiangiogenic effect on in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane model.